Njengesibophelelo esibalulekile, amabhawodi asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Inqubo yokukhiqiza yayo ihilela izixhumanisi eziningi, ngayinye enomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kanye nekhwalithi ye-bolt. Okulandelayo incazelo ephelele yenqubo yokukhiqiza ibholithi, ehlanganisa ngokuyinhloko ukukhethwa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukudweba ucingo, isihloko esibandayo, ukugoqa intambo, ukwelashwa kokushisa , ukwelashwa kwendawo, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, ukupakishwa nokugcinwa, njll.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamabhawodi ngokuvamile ziyinsimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon steel noma i-alloy steel. Ngokwezidingo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa, khetha amamaki ahlukene ensimbi. I-carbon steel yekhwalithi ephezulu ine-plasticity engcono, ukuqina nokusebenza kokusika, kuyilapho insimbi ye-alloy inamandla aphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka. Lapho ukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi nezinye izinkomba kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanele.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwebholithi, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa ukusika izinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlanza nokwelashwa kokumboza. Ukusika kuwukucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe ubude obufanele isihloko esibandayo, ukuhlanza ukususa ukungcola nesikali se-oxide ebusweni bento, futhi ukwelashwa kokumboza kungathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwempahla.
Ukudweba ngocingo ukunciphisa kancane kancane ububanzi bezinto ezingavuthiwe ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lokwelula nokucindezela, ngaleyo ndlela kutholwe izintambo noma izinduku zokucaciswa okudingekayo. Le nqubo idinga ukulawula okunembile kokuqina kanye nenani lezintambo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ucingo noma induku ingusayizi odingekayo kanye nokuma.
Ukwakhiwa kwesihloko esibandayo kuyinqubo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza amabhawodi. Izinto ezingavuthiwe esezicutshungulwe ngaphambilini zicutshungulwa ukuze zibe sesimweni sokuqala sebhawodi ngomshini onesihloko esibandayo ozinikele. Phakathi nale nqubo, imingcele yomshini wokubanda obandayo, njengokucindezela, izinga lokushisa kanye nesikhathi, idinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ubukhulu nokuma kwebhawodi kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Ukugingqa intambo kuyinqubo ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwensimbi futhi kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukucubungula imicu. Umgomo uwukuwohloza kancane kancane insimbi engenalutho ngokugoqeka, ngaleyo ndlela kwakhiwe imicu enemininingwane ethile kanye nokwakheka. Inqubo yokugoqa intambo ingathuthukisa amandla okuxhumana nokumelana nokugqoka kwezixhumi ezifana namabhawudi namantongomane, futhi ithuthukise impilo yabo yesevisi. Phakathi nenqubo yokugoqa intambo, imingcele efana nesivinini sokuzungezisa, isivinini sokuphakelayo kanye nokucindezela kwesondo eligoqa intambo kudingeka ilawulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokunemba kwentambo.
Ukwelashwa kokushisa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekushintsheni isakhiwo sangaphakathi sensimbi, ukuthuthukisa amandla nokumelana nokugqwala kwama-bolts ngokushisa noma ukupholisa. Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa idinga ukulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa nesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwebhawudi.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nobuhle bamabhawudo, ukwelashwa kwendawo ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Izindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zifaka i-galvanizing, i-chrome plating, isifutho sepulasitiki kanye nokupenda kwesifutho. I-galvanizing ingathuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-bolts futhi ifanele indawo yangaphandle neyomswakama; i-chrome plating inokumelana kangcono nokugqoka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala; Ukufafaza ngepulasitiki nokudweba kunganikeza ukubukeka okuhle futhi kube nomphumela othile wokulwa nokugqwala. Khetha indlela efanele yokwelapha engaphezulu ngokuya ngezidingo zokusetshenziswa.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yamabhawodi. Izinto zokuhlola zihlanganisa ukuhlola kobukhulu, ukuhlola ukubukeka, ukuhlola impahla eyimishini kanye nokuhlola okungacekeleki phansi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional kuhlola ikakhulukazi ukuthi ububanzi, ubude nemingcele yentambo yebhawodi iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo; ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kugxile ekutheni kukhona yini ukukhubazeka okufana nokuqhekeka, ama-burrs nokugqwala ebusweni bebhawodi; ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo ngomshini kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okuqinile, ukuhlolwa komthelela kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina ukuze kuhlolwe izakhiwo ze-bolt Mechanical; ukuhlola okungabhubhisi kusebenzisa i-ultrasonic, i-X-ray nezinye izindlela ukuhlola amaphutha angaphakathi amabhawodi. Imikhiqizo engavumelani kufanele ikhonjwe, ihlukaniswe futhi icutshungulwe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yama-bolts, ukupakishwa okufanele nokugcinwa kuyadingeka. Amafutha nothuli ebusweni bama-bolts kufanele kukhishwe ngaphambi kokupakishwa. Izinto zokupakisha kufanele zome, zihlanzeke, futhi zibe nemisebenzi ethile evikela umswakama, ingethuki futhi ingagqwali. Indlela yokupakisha ingakhethwa njengokupakishwa okukodwa noma ukupakisha inqwaba ngokuya ngezidingo zekhasimende kanye nezimo zokuhamba. Indawo yokugcina impahla kufanele yome futhi ingene umoya kahle, igweme ilanga eliqondile kanye nezimo eziphakeme zokushisa kanye nomswakama ukuze kuvinjelwe amabhawodi ukuthi angagqwala futhi agqwale. Hlola njalo indawo yokugcina impahla ukuze uqinisekise ukuthobelana nezidingo.
Izindaba Ezishisayo
